What is kaspa?
Kaspa It is a significant evolution in blockchain technology, which costs the fastest, open, decentralized and completely scalable with open sourceProtocol Layer-1The field, unlike traditional blockchains, KASPA is built on the innovative technology of the Blockdag-digital accounting book, which provides parallel blocks and instant confirmation of transactions, supported by a reliable consensus mechanism in checking work with quick single-group block interpreters.
The name “kaspa” comes from the Aramaic word “silver” and “money”, symbolizing its position together withBitcoin (Representation of digital gold) as a more smooth, focused on the transaction of the digital asset. While Bitcoin strengthened his role as the final value, Kaspa seeks to fulfill the initial vision of Satoshi Nakamoto: the creation of a single -final electronic cash system suitable for everyday transactions.
Technical Fund of the cash register:
At its core, Kaspa is implementing the Ghostdag protocol, the innovative generalization of consensus Nakamoto. Traditional blockchains, such as Bitcoin, are faced with a fundamental restriction – they must maintain slow speeds of creating blocks to prevent “orphans” that arise when the network distribution delays force miners to create competing blocks.
Kaspa’s Blockdag technology solves this restriction on:
- Inclusion of parallel creation of blocks, not a consistent
- Processing of all blocks simultaneously by connecting the side chains
- Inclusion of orphan blocks in an accountant
- Using a new greedy algorithm for ordering blocks, preferring honest, well -bound blocks
Blockdag architecture overcomes the traditional blockchain restrictions by processing blocks in parallel and connecting all the side chains. This structure significantly increases the rate of block formation while maintaining decentralized safety.
This architecture allows Kaspa to maintain Bitcoin safety guarantees, simultaneously significantly increasing throughput and reducing confirmation time. The current Mainnet works with one block per second, and plans to significantly increase this rate after the implementation of the completed rewriting of rust.
Extended technical functions
The implementation of the Caspa includes several technical innovations:
- Release: Additional opportunities for a request for DAG topology
- Data cutting block: Effective data management with blocking blocks
- SPV evidence: Simplified payment check for light customers
- Support for the subnet: Funds for future decisions of level 2
- Cryptographic receipts: Proven evidence of transaction adoption
- Harmonic mass formula: Solution to prevent attacks
Public development
Caspa is a decentralized project with an open participation of the community. Development leads the pioneers of industry, but includes the contribution of community members around the world:
- 100% database of open source code onGithub
- Contribution to development from a global team covering 16+ countries
- Transparent process of development of community
This open approach to development corresponds to the decentralized spirit of the project.
Rustrassing Rust and performance breakthrough
Kaspa was subjected to extensive rewriting of the nucleus in the programming language RUST, rewriting, known as Rusty-Kaspa, converted the code base to ensure the effectiveness of record and leading activities in the industry while creating the basis forSmart contractsField
The Rusty-Kaspa client was initiated by the former DagLabs developer Michael Satton and developed a global team. The implementation is surprisingly effective, which allows high-performance work on affordable hardware-full nodes successfully work on Raspberry Pi, ten-year-old laptops and even medium-level mobile phones.
This rewriting will introduce unprecedented throughput, with initial estimates aimed at 32 blocks per second (one block is each ~ 31 milliseconds), with future projections of 100 blocks per second. The rewriting was functionally advanced to Q2 2023 (Testnet 11), but not completely “completed” to the late (stable release in 2024).
Kaspa currently supports two test networks: Testnet 10 (TN-10), which exactly repeat the current Mainnet and Testnet 11, which demonstrates the implementation of Rust. Testnet 11 has been operating effectively since mid -2023, and now it has been operating from 2400 to 3000 transactions per second for 10 blocks per second. The upcomingCressCendo Hard-Fork He will bring them, among other improvements, to Mainnet.
Support ZK-Rollups
With this improved performance, the KASPA is unique to process ZK rolls, which allows a variety of ecosystems of level 2, which inherits the safety of helmets, censor resistance and MEV resistance, while providing L2S, which remain attached to the main chain.
GHOSTDAG protocol and trillema solution
The GHOSTDAG protocol solves the blockchain trillem using a smart system that classifies blocks as “blue” (well -connected) or “red” (less connected). This approach creates a sequential block -a product that is priority to the deposits of honest miners, while maintaining security from potential attackers.
Ghostdag provides three critical improvements compared to traditional blockchains:
- Safety: Saves 51% of the Bitcoin safety threshold, providing faster blocks
- Scalability: Allows you to create blocks in parallel without prejudice to the stability of the network
- Decentralization: Reduces the dispersion of prey, reducing the incentive for combining large pools.
The protocol creates a healthier payment market, preventing a typical “down” race. Even with low use of the network (for example, 11% capacity), the structure of the parallel block means that miners still compete for the same transactions, stimulating them to determine the priorities of transactions with higher Fee, allowing lower transactions the likelihood of inclusion. This supports incentive incentives, even when the network is far from overloaded.
Tokenomics:
Kaspa began and had a real fair on November 7, 2021, without preliminary, without preliminary sales and not allocated coins. Cryptocurrency follows the principles of the distribution of keys:
- Max delivery: Approximately 28.7 billion ka.
- Circulation proposal: Currently, 25.8 billion ka.
- Grace schedule: Polydas once a year using a smooth monthly contraction in (1/2)^(1/12). The reward of the current block is ± 62 kas
- Fair mountain evolution: The beginning with processors, expanded to graphic processors, FPGAS and now includes asics
Distribution of tokens
The analysis of the Kaspa tokens distribution shows an amazingly balanced ecosystem. More than 70% of addresses contain from 0.01 to 10 thousand KAS, while medium-sized wallets (1K-100K KAS) contain approximately 30% of the circulating sentence, forming a strong public fund.
Large wallets (10m+ KAS) control about 43% of the sentence – in particular, a lower concentration than comparable projects, where 50% often controls 20 addresses. Only 17 addresses contain more than 100 meters KA (22.5% of the supply); These can be exchange addresses indicating a healthy distribution at the top.
Conclusion: outside the block
KASPA is a fundamental promotion in blockchain technology, successfully eliminating the main restrictions that limit cryptocurrencies from the moment Bitcoin is created. Having supported the principles of ensuring the safety and decentralization of the initial design of Nakamoto, while significantly improving speed and throughput, Kaspa is the genuine implementation of the electronic cash system described within the one -ranking.Bitcoin is a white documentField
Thanks to the one -day time of the blocks, ten -second complete confirmations and an open source approach to development, Kaspa provides a technical basis necessary for cryptocurrency to achieve the main acceptance for everyday transactions. The project continues to develop due to its implementation of rust and the upcoming baptism of the hard struggle, the caspa can become the technology of cornerstone in the blockchain ecosystem.
